Registration data

Validin's registration data provides visibility into domain ownership, registrar relationships, and registration changes over time.

The dataset records WHOIS and RDAP information as structured, historical records to support analysis of domain control, registrar activity, and infrastructure lifecycle events.

Data collection model

Validin collects registration data using WHOIS and RDAP queries issued directly to both registries and registrars where supported.

Collection includes:

• Generic top-level domains (gTLDs)
• Country-code top-level domains (ccTLDs) that support WHOIS or RDAP

By querying both registry and registrar sources, Validin captures complementary registration details that may not be present in a single source.

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Note

WHOIS and RDAP records vary widely in structure and completeness depending on TLD and registrar. Validin ingests raw records and applies normalization before storage.

Coverage scope

Registration data coverage is limited to TLDs that support WHOIS or RDAP access.

Coverage expands as additional registries and registrars adopt RDAP.

Data normalization

Registration records are normalized to support consistent querying and correlation.

Normalization includes:

• Parsing registrar and registry formats
• Standardizing field names and values
• Grouping related contact information

Contact details are stored by role rather than as raw WHOIS output.

Update cadence and measurement tracking

Registration data is refreshed using a rolling process:

• Domains are re-queried approximately once per month
• Newly discovered or recently updated domains are prioritized
• Every measurement is stored, even when no changes are observed

This ensures continuity of historical records.

Historical registration state

Validin maintains historical registration data for each domain.

Historical records include:

• Creation, update, and expiration dates
• Registrar changes
• Contact role changes
• Modification timestamps

Users can review how registration data has evolved over time rather than viewing only the current state.

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Note

Tracking registration changes alongside DNS and hosting data supports analysis of campaign timelines and infrastructure transitions.